Among the simplest organisms there are many animal and human parasites.The most serious and common disease-causing parasitic protozoa are listed below.
Amoeba dysentery
Dysenteric amoeba is similar to the common one, but smaller and has a shorter and wider root stalk.It enters the human digestive system through the mouth at the cyst stage.In the large intestine, the amoeba comes out of the cyst and eats the bacteria without harming the person.After that, these simple organisms begin to penetrate the intestinal wall, eat red blood cells, and become parasites.Ulcers form in the intestines, reducing the human body.Amoebic dysentery, or amoebiasis, occurs.
Dysenteric amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver.Here too, parasites lead to the formation of purulent ulcers.
Forming a cyst, the amoeba leaves the human body with the remains of undigested food.Mild cysts spread easily.If you don't wash your hands and your food, you can get infected.
Plasmodium malaria
Plasmodium is a parasitic protozoan.Some species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans.The malaria plasmodium carrier is the malaria mosquito.During an insect bite, plasmodium enters the host's bloodstream.Together with the blood, it reaches the liver, eats there, grows and reproduces.After this, many plasmodia again enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize red blood cells, destroying them and releasing their waste products, which poison the host.A person has a fever and is anemic.
If a person with malaria is bitten again by a malaria mosquito, the plasmodia will now be transferred from the person to the mosquito.Plasmodium reproduces sexually in the mosquito's body.
Malaria is common in Africa.This is a very dangerous disease.Malaria is combated, among other things, by destroying malaria-carrying mosquitoes.
Trypanosomes
The genus Trypanosomes consists of parasitic protozoa that have flagella (closely related to Euglena).Their primary host is a vertebrate animal, and their carrier is usually an insect.Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases in animals and humans.They are parasites mainly in blood and cerebrospinal fluid.The most famous and common disease caused by trypanosomes is sleeping sickness.
The vector of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly.This disease is typical for tropical Africa.Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: in the first week a person is tormented by fever and pain, after a month or more drowsiness occurs, disturbances in sleep and coordination, and changes in consciousness.This disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of flagellated parasitic protozoa.Intestinal lamblia cause giardiasis in humans and animals, where the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed food containing Giardia cysts.After leaving the cyst, the lamblia attach to the intestine and consume the digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa.They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals.The carrier is a mosquito.
There are different types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to various body tissues.One of them is Pendensky ulcer skin disease.
Coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish.They cause coccidiosis, which causes serious damage in livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia settle in the form of spores that contain parasitic cells.
Coccidia belong to the genus Toxoplasma.Their representatives cause a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis.A person becomes infected from a pet or poorly prepared meat food.Toxoplasma affects many organs, including the nervous system.